Reported speech \u0130ngilizcede indirect speech olarak da bilinmekte ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede de \u201cdolayl\u0131 anlat\u0131m\u201d \u015feklinde ifade edilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Burada bilmemiz gereken \u015fey, bir ifadeyi, c\u00fcmleyi ya da deyi\u015fi ba\u015fka birine aktarmak istedi\u011fimiz zaman reported speech kullanmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Reported speech, birisine ba\u015fka birinin ne s\u00f6yledi\u011fini aktar\u0131rken kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bunu yapmak i\u00e7in de ya direkt speech yani \u201cdo\u011frudan anlat\u0131m\u201d ya da indirect speech yani \u201cdolayl\u0131 anlat\u0131m\u201d kullan\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Direct speech (do\u011frudan s\u00f6ylem): ‘I work in an office,’ said Betty. (Ben bir ofiste \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum, dedi Betty)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Indirect speech (dolayl\u0131 s\u00f6ylem): Betty said that she worked in an office. (Betty, bir ofiste \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dolayl\u0131 anlat\u0131m yani indirect speech s\u00f6z konusu ise, c\u00fcmlede yer alan tense yani \u201czaman kipi\u201d bir zaman geriye gider. \u00d6rnekteki work fiilinin \u201cworked\u201d haline gelmesi gibi. Buna \u0130ngilizcede \u201cbackshift\u201d denir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda pronoun yani zamir gibi baz\u0131 ba\u015fka s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin de de\u011fi\u015fmesi gerekebilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ilk k\u0131sm\u0131nda reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda, normalde c\u00fcmlenin tense\u2019i ne ise bu tense\u2019i bir zaman geri g\u00f6t\u00fcrmemiz gerekti\u011finden bahsetmi\u015ftik. Asl\u0131nda temel kural bu \u015fekildedir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
She said, “I am tired.” (Kad\u0131n, \u201cyorgunum\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
She said that she was tired. (Kad\u0131n yorgun oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
*Simple present tense yani geni\u015f zaman, reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda simple past tense yani ge\u00e7mi\u015f zaman haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
*Present continious tense yani \u015fimdiki zaman, reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda past continious tense haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
* Simple past tense yani ge\u00e7mi\u015f zaman, reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda past perfect tense haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
* Present perfect tense reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda past perfect tense haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
* Past perfect tense, reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda ayn\u0131 kalarak yine past perfect tense kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
*Present perfect continuous tense, reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda bir tense geriye d\u00f6nerek, past perfect continuous haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
*Past continuous tense reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda past perfect continuous haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
*Future tense i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan will, reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda bir tense geri giderek \u201cwould\u201d halini al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
*Future tense i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u201cam\/is\/are going to\u201d, reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda \u201cwas\/were going to\u201d halini al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
* Future continuous tense reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda, Conditional continuous\u2019a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. past perfect continuous haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Direct Speech C\u00fcmlesi Reported Speech Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported speech konusunda ki\u015fi zamirlerinin, aitlik zamirlerinin ve sahiplik s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131n da nas\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011fini bilmek gerekmekte. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc c\u00fcmle direct speech formundan in direct speech formuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrken bu unsurlar da de\u011fi\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6rnek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte, I yani ben zamiri, indirect speech c\u00fcmlesinde he yani o zamirine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu c\u00fcmle asl\u0131nda iki k\u0131s\u0131mdan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r; reporting verb (He said k\u0131sm\u0131) ve reported speech (I like music k\u0131sm\u0131). Reported Speech zamiri, reporting verb zamirine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech i\u00e7inde yer alan zamiri de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in uygulanabilecek 4 basit kural bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported speech c\u00fcmlesinin birinci ki\u015fi zamiri (I, Me, My, Mine, We, Us, Our), reported verb e\u011fer 3. \u015eah\u0131slardan biri ise, bunlardan kullan\u0131lan hangisi ise ona d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. (She, He, It, They, Their, her, his)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6rnekler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct Speech: She said, “l will go to Paris.\u201d (O, \u201cBen Paris\u2019e gidece\u011fim\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect Speech: She said that she would go to Paris. (O, Paris\u2019e gidece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct Speech: He said, “l work in a bank”. (O; \u201cBen bir bankada \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum\u201d dedi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect Speech: He said that he worked in a bank. (O, bir bankada \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct Speech: They said, “We have completed the project” (Onlar; \u201cBiz projeyi tamamlad\u0131k\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: They said they had completed the project. (Onlar projeyi tamamlad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct Speech: She said, “My backpack is heavy” (O; \u201cBenim s\u0131rt \u00e7antam a\u011f\u0131r\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect Speech: She said that her backpack was heavy. (O, s\u0131rt \u00e7antas\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct Speech: She said, “My cat\u2019s name is Luke”. (O, \u201cBenim kedimin ismi Luke\u201d dedi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect Speech: She said that her cat\u2019s name was Luke. (O, kedisinin isminin Luke oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n E\u011fer direct speech\u2019te yer alan 1. Ki\u015fi zamirleri (I, Me, My, Mine, We, Us, Our), reported speech \u00fczerinden aktar\u0131lacak c\u00fcmlede de 1. Ki\u015fi zamiri \u015feklindeyse (I, Me, My, Mine, We, Us, Our), yine ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r, de\u011fi\u015fmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: I said, \u201cI have applied for a job\u201d (Ben; \u201cBen bir i\u015fe ba\u015fvurdum\u201d dedim.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: I said that I have applied for a job. (Ben bir i\u015fe ba\u015fvurdu\u011fumu s\u00f6yledim.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: We said; \u201cWe had trouble with the exam.\u201d (Biz; \u201cS\u0131navda sorun ya\u015fad\u0131k\u201d dedik.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: We said that we had had trouble with the exam. (Biz s\u0131navda sorun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00f6yledik.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: I said; \u201cI am very angry with you now!\u201d (Ben; \u201cSana \u015fu anda \u00e7ok k\u0131zg\u0131n\u0131m!\u201d dedim)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: I said that I was very angry with you then. (Ben sana o zaman \u00e7ok k\u0131zg\u0131n oldu\u011fumu s\u00f6yledim.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported speech\u2019te yer alan 2. ki\u015fi zamiri (you, yours), reporting verb\u2019\u00fcn nesnesine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: She said to me; \u201cYou are a hard-working student.\u201d (O bana; \u201cSen \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan bir \u00f6\u011frencisin\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: She said to me that I was a hard-working student. (O bana \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan bir \u00f6\u011frenci oldu\u011fumu s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: She said to him; \u201cYou are a hard-working student.\u201d (O, adama; \u201cSen \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan bir \u00f6\u011frencisin\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: She said to him that he was a hard-working student. (O, adama \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan bir \u00f6\u011frenci oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: She said to them; \u201cYou are amazing kids.\u201d (O onlara; \u201cSiz harika \u00e7ocuklars\u0131n\u0131z\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: She said to them that they were amazing kids. (O onlara harika \u00e7ocuklar olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct Speech: He said to me; \u201cYour book looks interesting.\u201d (O bana, \u201cSenin kitaplar\u0131n ilgin\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: He said to me that my book looked interesting. (O bana kitaplar\u0131m\u0131n ilgin\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: He said to them; \u201cYour scores are not bad.\u201d (O onlara; \u201cPuanlar\u0131n\u0131z fena de\u011fil\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: He said to them that their scores were not bad. (O onlara puanlar\u0131n\u0131n fena olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Son kurala g\u00f6re ise, reported speech c\u00fcmlesinde, 3. Ki\u015fi zamiri (he, she, it, they, his, him, them, his) s\u00f6z konusu ise, bu zamirler indirect speech k\u0131sm\u0131nda da de\u011fi\u015fmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: He said; \u201cShe will buy a notebook.\u201d (O; \u201cK\u0131z bir defter satin alacak\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: He said that she would buy a notebook. (O, k\u0131z\u0131n bir defter satin alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: She said; \u201cThey are swimming in the pool.\u201d (O, \u201cOnlar y\u00fczme havuzunda y\u00fcz\u00fcyor\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: She said that they were swimming in the pool. (O, onlar\u0131n y\u00fczme havuzunda y\u00fczd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: They said; \u201cIt is sunny\u201d. (Onlar; \u201cHava g\u00fcne\u015fli\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: They said that it was sunny. (Onlar, havan\u0131n g\u011fne\u015fli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: You said; \u201cHe married her.\u201d (Sen; \u201cAdam kad\u0131nla evlendi\u201d dedin.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: You said that he had married her. (Sen, adam\u0131n kad\u0131nla evlendi\u011fini s\u00f6yledin.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: John said; \u201cHe works in a school.\u201d (John; \u201cAdam bir okulda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: John said that he worked in a school. (John, adam\u0131n bir okulda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: David said; \u201cBetty is looking after them\u201d. (David; \u201cBetty onlara bakt\u0131\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Indirect speech: David said that Betty was looking after them. (David, Betty\u2019nin onlara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported Speech konusunda bilmemiz gereken bir di\u011fer kurallar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc de time expressions yani zaman ifadeleri ve places yani yerlerdeki de\u011fi\u015fimlerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6NEML\u0130: <\/span>Time expressions ile \u201ctense\u201d kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n\u0131z. Bu ikisi farkl\u0131 \u015feyleri ifade eden kavramlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tense: Present simple tense, future tense, past simple tense etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Time expressions: Tomorrow, yesterday, now, then, 5 weeks ago\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6rnek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: She said, “I saw Miriam yesterday.” (O; \u201cD\u00fcn Miriam\u2019I g\u00f6rd\u00fcm\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported speech: She said that she had seen Miriam the day before. (O, \u00f6nceki g\u00fcn Miriam\u2019I g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: He said: “My father is here.” (O; \u201cBabam burada\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported speech: He said that his father was there. (O, babas\u0131n\u0131n orada oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n E\u011fer hemen hemen ayn\u0131 zamanlarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir olay\u0131 report ediyorsak, b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle verilen zaman ifadesini de\u011fi\u015ftirmemiz gerekmeyecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Fakat e\u011fer farkl\u0131 bir zamanda, farkl\u0131 bir zamandan bahsediyorsak; zaman kelimelerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmemiz gerekir. \u00d6rneklerle durumu netle\u015ftirelim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: He said: “It was rainy yesterday.” (O; \u201cD\u00fcn hava ya\u011fmurluydu\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported speech: He said that it had been rainy the day before. (O, \u00f6nceki g\u00fcn havan\u0131n ya\u011fmurlu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: She said: “We are going to cinema tomorrow.” (O; \u201cYar\u0131n sinemaya gidece\u011fiz\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported speech: She said they were going to cinema the next day. (O, sonraki g\u00fcn sinemaya gideceklerini s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n En \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan time expressions yani zaman ifadelerini ve bu ifadelerin reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini sizlerle payla\u015f\u0131yoruz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir c\u00fcmle ya da bilgiyi aktar\u0131rken e\u011fer ayn\u0131 mekan ya da yerdeysek, yerleri de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye gerek yoktur. Fakat aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zamanki yer, aktarmak istedi\u011fimiz ye rile ayn\u0131 de\u011filse, o zaman bu yer kelimelerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmemiz gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6rnekleri inceleyelim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: He said: “It is sunny in here.” (O; \u201cHava burada g\u00fcne\u015fli\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported speech: He said that it was sunny in there. (O, orada havan\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015fli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: He said: “How much is this pen?” (O; \u201cBu kalem ne kadar?\u201d dedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported speech: He asked how much the pen was. (O, kalemin ne kadar oldu\u011funu sordu.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Baz\u0131 belli ba\u015fl\u0131 yer, mekan bildiren kelimelerin listesini ve reported speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda bunlar\u0131n nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6sterdik:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported Speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda tell ve ask benzer ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131l\u0131r fakat aralar\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck farklar bulunabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tell T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede s\u00f6ylemek, anlatmak anlam\u0131na gelir ve arkas\u0131ndan bir indirect object ve bir direct object gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Has she told you the exam score? (O sana s\u0131nav sonucunu s\u00f6yledi mi?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Could you tell me your name, please? (L\u00fctfen bana ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilir misiniz?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n They told me that they would wait for me. (Onlar bana benim i\u00e7in bekleyebileceklerini s\u00f6ylediler.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n She didn’t tell me what her favourite books were. (O bana favori kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemedi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tell ile kullan\u0131lan yap\u0131lar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki c\u00fcmlelerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda, indirect object kullan\u0131m\u0131 zorunlu de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Our friend told (us) a very funny story.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A person must always tell (me) the truth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Robert told (me) a lie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6rnekler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ask T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede sormak anlam\u0131na gelir fakat reported speech konusunda emir c\u00fcmleleri ya da istek kipleri ile birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6rnekler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported Speech konusunda modal verbs de de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir ve indirect speech ve direct speech kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda fark bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n *Can: C\u00fcmledeki can yap\u0131s\u0131, reported speech kullan\u0131l\u0131rken \u201ccould\u201d \u015feklini al\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n *May: C\u00fcmledeki may yap\u0131s\u0131, reported speech kullan\u0131l\u0131rken \u201cmight\u201d \u015feklini al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n *Have to \/ Has to: C\u00fcmledeki have to\/has to yap\u0131s\u0131, reported speech kullan\u0131l\u0131rken \u201cHad to\u201d \u015feklini al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n *Will: C\u00fcmledeki will yap\u0131s\u0131, reported speech kullan\u0131l\u0131rken \u201cwould\u201d \u015feklini al\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n *Shall: C\u00fcmledeki shall yap\u0131s\u0131, reported speech kullan\u0131l\u0131rken \u201cshould\u201d \u015feklini al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6NEML\u0130:<\/span> E\u011fer c\u00fcmledeki modal yap\u0131lar\u0131 zaten past haliyle kullan\u0131ld\u0131ysa, reported speech i\u00e7inde de bu modal verbs de\u011fi\u015fmez; ayn\u0131 kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported Speech kullan\u0131m\u0131nda soru kal\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 kullanacaksak; do, be ve have gibi fiillere dikkat etmemiz gerekmektedir. Yes\/No sorular\u0131, bu fiillerden biriyle ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6rne\u011fin;<\/p>\n\n\n\n “Do you like veggies?” (Sebze sever misin?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu soruyu reported speech \u015fekline getirmek i\u00e7in, ba\u015ftaki \u201cauxiliary verb\u201d d\u00fc\u015fer ve \u201cif\u201d eklenir. To report that question, drop the auxiliary and add if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n He asked me if I liked veggies. (O, bana sebze sevip sevmedi\u011fimi sordu.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Soru kelimelerinden biri ile ba\u015flayan soru c\u00fcmlelerini d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcrken:<\/p>\n\n\n\n “Where are you going?” (Nereye gidiyorsun?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu c\u00fcmleyi reported speech format\u0131nda s\u00f6ylemek i\u00e7in, zamiri ve kelime s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiririz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n She asked me where I was going. (O, bana nereye gitti\u011fmi sordu.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Benzer bir kelime s\u0131ras\u0131 da, be fiilinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorularda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Direct speech: They asked, “When is the party?” (Onlar; \u201cParti ne zaman\u201d diye sordu.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reported speech: They asked me when the party was. (Onlar bana partinin ne zaman oldu\u011funu sordu.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cWhen\u201d soru kelimesi ayn\u0131 kal\u0131r. \u201cBe\u201d fiili ise ismin \u00f6ncesinden ismin sonras\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Reported speech \u0130ngilizcede indirect speech olarak da bilinmekte ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede de \u201cdolayl\u0131 anlat\u0131m\u201d \u015feklinde ifade edilmektedir.<\/p>\n Burada bilmemiz gereken \u015fey, bir ifadeyi, c\u00fcmleyi ya da deyi\u015fi ba\u015fka birine aktarmak istedi\u011fimiz zaman reported speech kullanmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fidir.<\/p>\n Reported speech, birisine ba\u015fka birinin ne s\u00f6yledi\u011fini aktar\u0131rken kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":544,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[75],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/501"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=501"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/501\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=501"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=501"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Simple present<\/strong><\/td> Simple past<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> “I always get up <\/strong>early”, she said<\/td> She said that she always got up<\/strong> early.<\/td><\/tr> Present continuous<\/strong><\/td> Past continuous<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> “I am swimming in the pool<\/strong>“, he said.<\/td> He said that he was swimming<\/strong> in the pool.<\/td><\/tr> Simple past<\/strong><\/td> Past perfect<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> “John worked<\/strong> on Saturday”, he said.<\/td> He said that John had worked<\/strong> on Saturday.<\/td><\/tr> Present perfect<\/strong><\/td> Past perfect<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> “I have been<\/strong> to France”, she told me.<\/td> She told me that she had been<\/strong> to France.<\/td><\/tr> Past perfect<\/strong><\/td> Past perfect<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> “I had just cooked the meal<\/strong>,” Julie told.<\/td> Julie told that she had just cooked the meal.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> Present perfect continuous<\/strong><\/td> Past perfect continuous<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> The boss shouted, “I have been waiting<\/strong> for hours!”<\/td> The boss shouted that he had been waiting<\/strong> for hours.<\/td><\/tr> Past continuous<\/strong><\/td> Past perfect continuous<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> “We were living<\/strong> in Istanbul”, they told us.<\/td> They told us that they had been living<\/strong> in Istanbul.<\/td><\/tr> Future<\/strong><\/td> Present conditional<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> “I will be<\/strong> in class on Tuesday”, she said.<\/td> She said that she would be<\/strong> in class on Tuesday.<\/td><\/tr> Future continuous<\/strong><\/td> Conditional continuous<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> She said, “I’ll be driving <\/strong>tomy grandma next Saturday”.<\/td> She said that she would be driving <\/strong>to her grandma next Saturday.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Personal Pronouns, Possessive Pronouns ve Possessive Adjectives Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Kural 1:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Kural 2:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Kural 3:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Kural 4:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Reported Speech: Time Expressions Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Time Expressions:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
direct speech<\/td> reported speech<\/td><\/tr> <\/td> <\/td><\/tr> now<\/td> then, at that time<\/td><\/tr> today<\/td> that day, on Monday, yesterday<\/td><\/tr> tonight<\/td> that night, last night, on Monday night<\/td><\/tr> tomorrow<\/td> the next day, the following day, on Monday, today<\/td><\/tr> yesterday<\/td> the day before, the previous day, on Monday<\/td><\/tr> last night<\/td> the night before, the previous night, on Monday night<\/td><\/tr> this week<\/td> that week, last week<\/td><\/tr> last month<\/td> the month before, the previous month, in May<\/td><\/tr> next year<\/td> the following year, in 2021<\/td><\/tr> two minutes ago<\/td> two minutes before<\/td><\/tr> in one hour<\/td> one hour later<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Place Words:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
direct speech<\/strong><\/td> indirect speech<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> here<\/td> there, in the school<\/td><\/tr> this<\/td> that<\/td><\/tr> this pen<\/td> the pen, that pen, Julia\u2019s pen<\/td><\/tr> in this room<\/td> in the room, in that room, in the bathroom <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Reported Speech: Ask ve Tell Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Tell<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Ask <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Reported Speech: Modal Verbs Kullan\u0131m\u0131 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Dolayl\u0131 Anlat\u0131mda Soru Kal\u0131plar\u0131 – Reported Speech Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n