<\/a><\/p>\nModal verbs<\/h2>\n
Modal verbs, c\u00fcmlenin as\u0131l fiilinin anlam\u0131n\u0131 zenginle\u015ftiren yard\u0131mc\u0131 fiiller olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. \u0130ngilizce gramer \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda yer alan modal verbs \u015funlard\u0131r: must, shall, will, should, would, can, could, may, and might. Bunlar beceri, ihtimal, izin veya zorunluluk ifade etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Can, Could, Be Able To<\/h3>\n
Farkl\u0131 anlamlarda kullan\u0131labilirler. Bunlara bakal\u0131m:<\/p>\n
* Beceri<\/strong><\/p>\nPresent ve Future<\/strong><\/p>\nOlumlu yap\u0131da beceri, olumsuz yap\u0131da ise beceri yoksunlu\u011fu ifade etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Can\/can\u2019t + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nAy\u015fe can spell the words.<\/p>\n
Ali can\u2019t speak French.<\/p>\n
am\/is\/are\/will be + able to + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nJohn is able to run fast.<\/p>\n
The group will be able to start studying in ten minutes.<\/p>\n
I am able to play that song on the piano.<\/p>\n
Past <\/strong><\/p>\nCould\/couldn\u2019t + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nI could climb trees ten years ago.<\/p>\n
was \/ were + able to + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nwasn\u2019t \/ weren\u2019t + able to + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nhasn\u2019t \/ haven\u2019t + been able to + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nI wasn\u2019t able to visit her in the office.<\/p>\n
* Olas\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong><\/p>\ncan \/ can\u2019t + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nYou can catch that train at 10:43.<\/p>\n
He can\u2019t see you right now.<\/p>\n
could + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nI could fly via Amsterdam.<\/p>\n
*\u0130zin<\/strong><\/p>\nCan + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nCan you lend me ten dollars?<\/p>\n
You can borrow my car.<\/p>\n
Could + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nCould I have your number?<\/p>\n
Could I talk to your supervisor please?<\/p>\n
*\u00d6neri<\/strong><\/p>\nCould + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nYou could take the tour of the castle tomorrow.<\/p>\n
May, Might<\/h3>\n
* (Resmi) \u0130zin<\/strong><\/p>\nmay \/ may not + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nYou may start your exam now.<\/p>\n
You may not wear sandals to work.<\/p>\n
![\"modal](\"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/modal-verbs-e1538322508233.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n
*Nazik \u0130zin<\/strong><\/p>\nMay + subject + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nMay I help you?<\/p>\n
*Olas\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong><\/p>\nmay\/ might + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nWe may go out dinner tonight. Do you want to join us?<\/p>\n
Our company might get the order if the client agrees to the price.<\/p>\n
may not \/ might not + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nAdam and Sue may not buy that house. It\u2019s very expensive.<\/p>\n
They might not buy a house at all.<\/p>\n
*\u00d6neri<\/strong><\/p>\nmay as well \/ might as well + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nYou may as well come inside. John will be home soon.<\/p>\n
We might as well take Friday off. There\u2019s no work to be done anyway.<\/p>\n
*Nazik \u00d6neri<\/strong><\/p>\nmight + base form of the verb<\/strong><\/p>\nYou might like to try the salmon fillet. It\u2019s our special today.<\/p>\n
Shall, Should, Ought to<\/h3>\n
*Nazik ve resmi \u00f6neri<\/strong><\/p>\nShall + subject + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nShall we go for a walk?<\/p>\n
\u0130pucu<\/strong>: \u0130ngilizce gramer kurallar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201cShall\u201d yaln\u0131zca I ve we \u00f6zneleri ile birlikte ve daha resmi durumlarda \u201cwill\u201d yerine kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\nShould + subject + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nShould I call a doctor?<\/p>\n
Gelece\u011fe dair tahmin ya da beklenti <\/strong><\/p>\nshould\/shouldn\u2019t + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nI shouldn\u2019t be late. The train usually arrives on time.<\/p>\n
*\u00d6neri<\/strong><\/p>\nshould \/ ought to + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nYou should check that document before you send it out.<\/p>\n
You ought to have your car serviced before the winter.<\/p>\n
shouldn\u2019t + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nJames shouldn\u2019t teach him words like those.<\/p>\n
Must, Have to, Need to, Don\u2019t have to, Needn\u2019t<\/h3>\n
* \u0130htiya\u00e7, gereklilik<\/strong><\/p>\nPresent ve Future:<\/strong><\/p>\nmust \/ have to \/ need to + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nYou must have a passport to cross the border.<\/p>\n
Elisabeth has to apply for her visa by March 10th.<\/p>\n
I need to drop by his room to pick up a book.<\/p>\n
Past:<\/strong><\/p>\nhad to \/ needed to + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nI had to work late last night.<\/p>\n
I needed to drink a few cups of coffee in order to stay awake.<\/p>\n
\u0130pucu<\/strong><\/span>: have to ve need to genellikle ayn\u0131 ba\u011flamda kullan\u0131l\u0131r ancak aralar\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle bir fark vard\u0131r: have to, need to ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok daha ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir ihtiyac\u0131 ifade eder. Need to daha tercihe ba\u011fl\u0131 ihtiya\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n* Neredeyse kesin olan tahminler<\/strong><\/p>\nmust + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nThomas has lived in Paris for years. His French must be very good.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n*\u0130kna<\/strong><\/p>\nmust \/ have to + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nYou must try this wine. It\u2019s excellent.<\/p>\n
You have to visit us while you\u2019re in town.<\/p>\n
*\u0130zinler ve Yasaklar<\/strong><\/p>\nmust not \/ mustn\u2019t + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nYou must not drive over the speed limit.<\/p>\n
You mustn\u2019t leave medicines where children can get to them.<\/p>\n
don\u2019t \/doesn\u2019t \/didn\u2019t + have to + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nYou don\u2019t have to park the car.<\/p>\n
Tim doesn\u2019t have to go to school today.<\/p>\n
You didn\u2019t have to shout. Everyone could hear you.<\/p>\n
needn\u2019t + Verb<\/strong><\/p>\nYou needn\u2019t worry about me. I\u2019ll be fine.<\/p>\n
![\"perfect](\"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/perfect-tense.jpg\")
\n<\/a><\/p>\nPresent Perfect Tense<\/h2>\n
Present perfect tense, \u0130ngilizce gramer kapsam\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7eden en farkl\u0131 zaman ifadesi olarak bilinir. T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede tam anlam\u0131yla bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmasa da \u00e7o\u011fu kez -m\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f zaman gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n
Present perfect tense kal\u0131b\u0131n\u0131, ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve gelecek aras\u0131nda bir ba\u011f kuraca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zaman kullan\u0131r\u0131z. Eylem \u015fu andan \u00f6nce ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve etkisi hala devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n
\n\n\n\t| Olumlu c\u00fcmle<\/th> | Olumsuz c\u00fcmle<\/th> | Soru C\u00fcmlesi<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n |
\n\n\t| She has visited.<\/td> | She has not visited.<\/td> | Has she visited?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
\n\t| I have eaten.<\/td> | I have not eaten.<\/td> | Have I eaten?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n Bu \u00f6rneklerde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi present perfect tense i\u00e7in have\/has + V3 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. V3, fiilin 3. Hali anlam\u0131na gelir ve d\u00fczenli ya da d\u00fczensiz olabilir.<\/p>\n Present perfect tense kullan\u0131m\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla \u201cever\u201d, \u201cnever\u201d, \u201calready\u201d ve \u201cyet\u201d zarflar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u201cfor\u201d ve \u201csince\u201d eylemin ne zamand\u0131r ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini ifade etmemize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n \u0130pucu<\/strong><\/span>: For ve since ile belirtilen zamanlarda ge\u00e7en eylemler i\u00e7in simple past tense kullan\u0131lmaz. Yaln\u0131zca perfect tense ifadelerinden biri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Di\u011fer perfect tense t\u00fcrlerini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.
\n<\/a><\/p>\nPast Perfect Tense<\/h2>\nPast perfect tense \u015fu andan \u00f6nceki zamana i\u015faret etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bir olay\u0131n bir ba\u015fka olaydan \u00f6nce ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini ifade etmemizi sa\u011flar. S\u00f6z konusu iki olayda ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Past perfect tense kal\u0131b\u0131 ile kurulan c\u00fcmlenin zaman\u0131, di\u011fer c\u00fcmleden daha \u00f6ncesidir.<\/p>\n\n \n\n\n\t| Olumlu c\u00fcmle<\/th> | Olumsuz c\u00fcmle<\/th> | Soru c\u00fcmlesi
\n
\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n\t| Anne had gone out when I arrived in the office.<\/td> | Anne had not gone out when I arrived in the office. <\/td> | Had Anne gone out when I arrived in the office?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n Past perfect tense ile kurulmu\u015f baz\u0131 c\u00fcmleler:<\/p>\n \n- I was very tired because I had not slept well.<\/li>\n
- When they called, she had already started watching the movie.<\/li>\n
- She had just left the room when the police arrived.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/a><\/p>\nFuture Perfect Tense<\/h2>\nFuture perfect tense ile kurulmu\u015f bir c\u00fcmle, T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u201cyapm\u0131\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131m\u201d \u015feklinde \u00e7evrilebilir. \u201cwill have + v3\u201d form\u00fcl\u00fc ile yap\u0131l\u0131r. Gelecekte bir zamanda bitirilmesi beklenen eylemler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu yap\u0131y\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zaman kendimizi, gelecekte bir zamanda varsay\u0131yoruz ve o zamana kadar bir eylemi bitirmi\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ifade ediyoruz.<\/p>\n\n \n\n\n\t| Olumlu c\u00fcmle<\/th> | Olumsuz c\u00fcmle\u00a0<\/th> | Soru c\u00fcmlesi<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n\t| I will have arrived.<\/td> | I won\u2019t have arrived.<\/td> | Will I have arrived?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\t| You will have eaten.<\/td> | You won\u2019t have eaten.<\/td> | Will you have eaten?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n <\/a><\/p>\nAdjective Clause \u2013 Relative Clause<\/h2>\nRelative clause, T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye s\u0131fat t\u00fcmceci\u011fi olarak \u00e7evrilir. \u0130ki c\u00fcmleyi birle\u015ftirmek ve anlat\u0131mda ak\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bir \u00f6rnekle a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n \n\n\n\t| A woman came into the room.<\/td> | She was wearing a red dress.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n Bu haliyle iki farkl\u0131 c\u00fcmle olarak yaz\u0131lan bu anlat\u0131m, tek c\u00fcmle ile k\u0131salt\u0131labilir. Bunun i\u00e7in iki c\u00fcmledeki ortak \u00f6genin hangisi oldu\u011funa bak\u0131yoruz. Burada ortak olan \u201ca woman\u201d ve \u201cshe\u201d ifadeleri. Bu iki c\u00fcmle, bir kad\u0131ndan bahsediyor. \u00d6yleyse bu c\u00fcmleleri \u015fu \u015fekilde birle\u015ftirebiliriz:<\/p>\n A woman, who was wearing a red dress came into the room.<\/strong><\/p>\nG\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi iki c\u00fcmle anlam\u0131ndan bir \u015fey kaybetmeden birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu. Burada dikkatinizi \u00e7ekmesi gereken nokta, ekledi\u011fimiz \u201cwho\u201d kelimesi. Relative clause ifadelerde insanlar i\u00e7in \u201cwho\u201d, nesneler i\u00e7inse \u201cwhich\u201d kullan\u0131r\u0131z. Veya ikisi i\u00e7in de \u201cthat\u201d kullanabiliriz. Yeni c\u00fcmlelerle bilgimizi peki\u015ftirelim.<\/p>\n I bought a new car. It is very fast.<\/p>\n Burada \u201ca new car\u201d ve \u201cit\u201d ayn\u0131 \u00f6geye i\u015faret ediyor. \u00d6yleyse;<\/p>\n I bought a new car that is very fast.<\/strong><\/p>\nShe lives in \u0130stanbul. She likes living in \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n She lives in \u0130stanbul, which she likes.<\/strong><\/p>\nHe has a daughter. Her daughter is a doctor.<\/p>\n He has a daughter, who is a doctor.<\/strong><\/p>\nRelative clause ile ilgili temel bilgiyi kavrad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, \u015fimdi biraz daha detaylara bakal\u0131m. Bu c\u00fcmle yap\u0131s\u0131nda, who ve which yerine gerekli durumlarda \u201cwhom\u201d, \u201cwhose\u201d, \u201cwhere\u201d, \u201cwhen\u201d, \u201cwhy\u201d kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Whom<\/h3>\nC\u00fcmledeki, \u201chim\u201d, \u201cthem\u201d, \u201cus\u201d gibi \u015fah\u0131s zamirleri ortak \u00f6geye i\u015faret ediyorsa, \u0130ngilizce gramer kurallar\u0131na g\u00f6re bunlar\u0131n yerine \u201cwhom\u201d kullan\u0131larak relative clause yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n The girl was very smart. I met her yesterday.<\/p>\n The girl whom I met yesterday was very smart.<\/strong><\/p>\nWhose<\/h3>\nOrtak \u00f6ge iyelik ifadesiyse, c\u00fcmleler \u201cwhose\u201d ile birle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n \u00d6rnekler:<\/p>\n The dog is over there. The dog’s \/ its owner lives next door.<\/p>\n The dog whose owner lives next door is over there.<\/strong><\/p>\nThe little girl is sad. The little girl’s \/ her doll was lost.<\/p>\n The little girl whose doll was lost is sad.<\/strong><\/p>\nThe woman is coming tonight. Her car is a BMW.<\/p>\n The woman whose car is a BMW is coming tonight.<\/strong><\/p>\nThe house belongs to me. Its roof is very old.<\/p>\n The house whose roof is old belongs to me.<\/strong><\/p>\nWhere \/ when \/ why<\/h3>\nYer, zaman ve sebep ifadeleri \u00fczerinden birle\u015fen kelimeler i\u00e7in \u201cwhere\u201d, \u201cwhen\u201d ve \u201cwhy\u201d kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n I live in a city. I study in the city.<\/p>\n | | | |
![\"I\u0307ngilizce](\"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/I\u0307ngilizce-gramer-e1538322049462.jpeg\")
![\"ingilizce](\"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/ingilizce-gramer-kurallar\u0131-e1538322258190.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n![\"past](\"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/past-countinuous-tense.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n