{"id":1277,"date":"2021-05-18T20:31:08","date_gmt":"2021-05-18T20:31:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/?p=1277"},"modified":"2021-05-18T20:31:10","modified_gmt":"2021-05-18T20:31:10","slug":"ingilizce-dogrudan-ve-dolayli-cumle-ornekleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/ingilizce-dogrudan-ve-dolayli-cumle-ornekleri\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ngilizce Do\u011frudan ve Dolayl\u0131 C\u00fcmle \u00d6rnekleri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0130ngilizce \u00f6\u011frenirken belli bir seviyeye geldikten sonra kendi c\u00fcmlelerinizle isteklerinizi, yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve herhangi g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir konu\u015fmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilirsiniz. Sonras\u0131nda ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n c\u00fcmlelerini bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na s\u00f6ylerken &#8220;she said &#8230;&#8221; gibi c\u00fcmleler kurabilirsiniz. Bu noktada kurdu\u011funuz bu c\u00fcmle <strong>direct speech<\/strong> (do\u011frudan c\u00fcmle) ya da<strong> indirect speech<\/strong> (dolayl\u0131 c\u00fcmle) olarak ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na ayr\u0131 bir konu ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda incelenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Indirect speech<\/strong> (dolayl\u0131 c\u00fcmle) ayn\u0131 zamanda <strong>reported speech <\/strong>diye de kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kabilir. K\u0131saca do\u011frudan ve dolayl\u0131 anlat\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir dilde nas\u0131l kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6rnekleyecek olursak;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Direct Speech<\/strong>                                                                                                                                                                   Our teacher said &#8221; Bring your projects tomorrow.&#8221;                                                                                                                                                                        <em>\u00d6\u011fretmenimiz &#8220;Projelerinizi yar\u0131n getirin.&#8221; dedi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130ndirect Speech  <\/strong>                                                                                                                                                                                   Our teacher said we should bring our projects tomorrow.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <em>\u00d6\u011fretmenimiz projelerimizi yar\u0131n getirmemiz gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u0130ngilizce Do\u011frudan C\u00fcmle (Direct Sentence) \u00d6rnekleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Direct speech<\/strong> \u0130ngilizcede ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u015feyin oldu\u011fu \u015fekilde aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 c\u00fcmlelere denir . Direct speech ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6yledi\u011fini direkt olarak aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z iki c\u00fcmleden olu\u015fur; ilki <strong>main clause<\/strong> yani ana c\u00fcmledir, ikincisi ise <strong>subordinate clause <\/strong>yani yan c\u00fcmledir. Yan c\u00fcmle aktar\u0131lmak istenen c\u00fcmledir ve genellikle ana c\u00fcmlenin sonunda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rneklerle inceleyelim;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>She told me &#8220;I don&#8217;t eat meat anymore, I became a vegetarian.&#8221;                  <em>Bana &#8220;Ben art\u0131k et yemiyorum, vejeteryan oldum&#8221; dedi.<\/em> <\/li><li>My mom said &#8220;Your brother should do the laundry.&#8221;                                                 <em>Annem &#8220;Karde\u015fin \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rlar\u0131 y\u0131kamal\u0131&#8221; dedi.<\/em><\/li><li>I heard him saying &#8220;I will never call you back&#8221; to his girlfriend on the phone yesterday.                                                                                                                  <em>Onun d\u00fcn ak\u015fam telefonda k\u0131z arkada\u015f\u0131na &#8220;Seni bir daha aramayaca\u011f\u0131m&#8221; dedi\u011fini duydum.<\/em><\/li><li>Our father says &#8220;I was much more handsome when I was younger&#8221; all the time.                                                                                                                                                                   <em>Babam\u0131z s\u00fcrekli &#8220;Ben gen\u00e7ken \u00e7ok daha yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131yd\u0131m&#8221; diyor.<\/em><\/li><li>She said &#8220;I am not going to pick you up from the school today.&#8221;                                                       <em>&#8220;Bug\u00fcn seni okuldan almayaca\u011f\u0131m&#8221; dedi. <\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u0130ngilizce Dolayl\u0131 C\u00fcmle (Indirect Sentence) \u00d6rnekleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Reported speech ya da Indirect speech \u0130ngilizcedeki dolayl\u0131 c\u00fcmlelere verilen add\u0131r. Direct speech&#8217;ten farkl\u0131 olarak ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u015feyi direkt onun c\u00fcmlesiyle de\u011fil kendi c\u00fcmlenizin i\u00e7ine yap\u0131 olarak oturtarak aktarman\u0131zla olu\u015fuyor olmas\u0131n\u0131r. Indirect speech kullan\u0131rken c\u00fcmlede kullan\u0131lan tense direct speech&#8217;te kullan\u0131lan tense&#8217;ten farkl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r, \u00f6zneler ve iyelik ekleri de anlat\u0131c\u0131 ki\u015fiye g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yani k\u0131sacas\u0131 dolayl\u0131 anlat\u0131mla s\u00f6ylenen c\u00fcmlelerdeki zaman dilimi do\u011frudan anlat\u0131m\u0131nkine g\u00f6re bir zaman geriden aktar\u0131l\u0131r. Bu fark\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rne\u011fe bakal\u0131m;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Direct speech<\/strong>                                                                                                                                                                                                                           She said &#8220;I am taking the dog for a walk&#8221; this morning.<em>                                                                                                       Bu sabah &#8220;K\u00f6pe\u011fi y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fe \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131m&#8221; dedi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Indirect speech    <\/strong>                                                                                                                                                                   She said that she was taking the dog for a walk this morning.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   <em>Bu sabah k\u00f6pe\u011fi y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fe \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki c\u00fcmlelere bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda <strong>direct speech<\/strong> c\u00fcmlesinde <em>present simple tense <\/em>kullan\u0131l\u0131rken <strong>indirect speech<\/strong> c\u00fcmlesinde <em>simple past tense<\/em> kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu durum c\u00fcmleye g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fkenlik g\u00f6sterebilir ve istisnalar olabilir fakat genellikle bu \u015fekildedir. \u0130stisna bir c\u00fcmleye \u00f6rnek verecek olursak;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Father says &#8220;Come and help me&#8221;.<\/li><li>Father says come and help me.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ki c\u00fcmle de \u00e7evrildi\u011finde <em>&#8220;Babam gelip bana yard\u0131m et diyor&#8221;<\/em> anlam\u0131na gelir ve burada zaman fark\u0131 yoktur, bu da bir istisnad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u015fka Indirect Speech \u00f6rneklerine bakarak konuyu peki\u015ftirelim;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She told us she was working on a project and thats why she couldn&#8217;t come. <em>Bize bir proje \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu y\u00fczden gelemedi\u011finiz s\u00f6yledi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He stated that he is not going to run the company anymore and he quit.                          <em>Art\u0131k \u015firketi y\u00f6netmeyece\u011fini belirtti ve ayr\u0131ld\u0131.<\/em>     <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u0130ngilizce Do\u011frudan C\u00fcmle Nas\u0131l Dolayl\u0131 Hale Getirilir?                                 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu konuyu pratikle\u015ftirip iyice kavrad\u0131ktan sonra g\u00fcnl\u00fck konu\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda asl\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden do\u011frudan c\u00fcmleleri dolayl\u0131 hale getirebiliyoruz. Yukar\u0131da da bahsetti\u011fimiz gibi bu noktada gramer olarak farklar olabilir ve \u00f6zellikle zaman konusuna dikkat etmemiz gerekir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verece\u011fimiz kurallar\u0131 izleyerek do\u011frudan bir c\u00fcmleyi kolayl\u0131kla dolayl\u0131 hale getirebilirsiniz;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Personal pronouns (ki\u015filik zamirleri), Posessive pronouns (iyelik zamirleri) ve Posessive adjectives (iyelik s\u0131fatlar\u0131) \u00f6nemi<\/strong> ile ba\u015flayacak olursak do\u011frudan anlat\u0131mdaki ile dolayl\u0131 anlat\u0131mdaki ki\u015filik zamirleri farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilir. \u00d6rnekle inceleyelim;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>My father said &#8220;<strong>Your mom<\/strong> is looking for you in the garden.&#8221;                                                                                                                                                             <em>Babam &#8220;Annen bah\u00e7ede seni ar\u0131yor.&#8221; dedi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>My father said that <strong>my mom <\/strong>was looking for me in the garden.                                                                                                <em>Babam annemin beni bah\u00e7ede arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u00f6rnekten de anlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00fczere do\u011frudan c\u00fcmledeki &#8220;your mom&#8221; dolayl\u0131 c\u00fcmlede &#8220;my mom&#8221; olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Zaman (Tense) kullan\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6nemi<\/strong> yaz\u0131m\u0131zda daha \u00f6nce de bahsetti\u011fimiz gibi do\u011frudan c\u00fcmleye g\u00f6re dolayl\u0131 c\u00fcmlede tense bir geriden gelir. \u00d6rnekle inceleyelim;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>They said &#8220;We <strong>are<\/strong> studying.&#8221;                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   <em>&#8220;Biz \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz&#8221; dediler.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They said that they <strong>were<\/strong> studying.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <em>Onlar \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz gibi do\u011frudan c\u00fcmlede kullan\u0131lan present tense dolayl\u0131 c\u00fcmlede simple past tense olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Ask ve Tell kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi<\/strong> ise dolayl\u0131 anlat\u0131mlarda &#8220;say&#8221; eylemi yerine &#8220;ask&#8221; ya da &#8220;tell&#8221; eylemlerinin kullan\u0131labiliyor olmas\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu \u015fekilde kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda c\u00fcmlede zaman de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi olmaz, bu da istisnalardan biridir ve c\u00fcmlede &#8220;to&#8221; eki kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rnekle inceleyelim;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Close the door please. \u2192 She <strong>asked <\/strong>me <strong>to <\/strong>close the door. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lk c\u00fcmle do\u011frudan bir c\u00fcmle iken ikinci c\u00fcmle &#8220;ask&#8221; eylemi ve &#8220;to&#8221; eki kullan\u0131larak dolayl\u0131 hale getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Time expressions (zaman ifadeleri) kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong> ise ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde tenselerde oldu\u011fu gibi farkl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin &#8220;now&#8221; zaman ifadesi yerine &#8220;then&#8221; zaman ifadesi kullan\u0131l\u0131r;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Alice said &#8220;I am on the phone <strong>now<\/strong>.&#8221;  \u2192 Alice said that she was on the phone <strong>then<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Modal verbs kullan\u0131m\u0131 <\/strong>da de\u011fi\u015fen \u015feylerden biridir. \u00d6rne\u011fin do\u011frudan c\u00fcmledeki &#8220;can&#8221; dolayl\u0131 c\u00fcmlede &#8220;could&#8221; olur, ya da do\u011frudan c\u00fcmledeki &#8220;will&#8221; dolayl\u0131 c\u00fcmlede &#8220;would&#8221; olur. \u00d6rnekle inceleyelim;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>My sister said &#8220;I <strong>can <\/strong>ride a bike.&#8221; \u2192 My sister said that she <strong>could<\/strong> ride a bike. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Uyar\u0131: <\/strong>&#8220;might, could, should, would, mustn\u2019t&#8221;\u00a0yard\u0131mc\u0131 fiilleri herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe u\u011framaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u0130ngilizce Gramer ve C\u00fcmle Tipleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ngilizcenizi geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in hem gramerinizi hem konu\u015fman\u0131z\u0131 hem de okuman\u0131z\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeniz gerekir. \u0130ngilizce gramer konular\u0131n\u0131n kapsaml\u0131 \u00f6zetine bakmak i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/ingilizce-gramer\/\">\u0130ngilizce Gramer<\/a> yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 inceleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130ngilizce \u00f6\u011frenirken belli bir seviyeye geldikten sonra kendi c\u00fcmlelerinizle isteklerinizi, yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve herhangi g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir konu\u015fmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilirsiniz. Sonras\u0131nda ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n c\u00fcmlelerini bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na s\u00f6ylerken &#8220;she said ..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":1281,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[75],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1277"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1281"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1277"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.interingilizce.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}